Booker T Washington Essay -- Biography Biographies Bio

For every exalted leader it is often said, he was non without flaws. Perhaps when referring to booker T Washington, it would be more(prenominal) accurate to say, he was not without virtues. Through his autobiography, we see a man raise himself Up From Slavery to succeed in a white mans world. At first glance, its easy to assume booker T Washington was an adequate, if not impressive leader for the black race. Yet upon a closer examination, it is easy to make his thinly veiled motives - completely selfish in nature. His ambitions, and the ambition of the black race in the late 19th century, do not fully coincide. An sagacity of Washingtons leadership skills shows him to be a surprisingly adept bureaucrat, although a divergent force as a representative for his race.On a surface level, Booker T Washington indeed did make progress for African Americans. We cannot fault him for his ample strides in educating an almost completely uneducated race. Washington claims that there were all over six thousand men and women from Tuskegee alone that were working all over the South at the time of the books publish (202). The success of these students was due in great part to the realistic outlook of Booker T Washington. By insisting that each and every student perform manual(a) labor, he prepared them for flavor much more thoroughly than could ever be accomplish in the classroom alone (135). By becoming a skilled in tasks manual labor, Washington believed you were perfectly in line for a comfortable life. In his words, any man, regardless of colour, will be recognized and rewarded just in symmetry as he learns to do something well (181). As an educational role model, Booker T Washington was a tremendous success.In addition to his contri... ...he was, provided he did not toil land. Instead, he built himself into a wealthy sophisticate - the father of a university with an inordinate amount of influential friends. And how did he do it? He cast down hi s bucket. As a black man, and a former slave, rising into fortune was a difficult task that could be accomplished only with great consideration. By founding Tuskegee, he gained notoriety. Then, by befriending whites, by being an uncle tom, he gained power. He thus rose to prominence not as a great leader, but instead as a great manipulator of the system. Due to his uncanny ability to work within the bureaucratism of American government and culture, he was able to attain all he had ever wanted - wealth, power, and white acceptance.Works CitedWashington, Booker. Up From Slavery The Autobiography Of Booker T. Washington Aun Autobiography. Citadel, 2001.

Affirmative Action In The United States :: essays research papers

The writer Mary Anne Warren is focusing on describing the current practices in many organizations directly in regards to the implementing a goal vs. a quota system for the purposes of affirmative action. She defines a quota as "Those who use the term "quotas" pejoratively tend to assume that the numerical standards go away be set so high or enforced so rigidly that strong reverse discrimination-that is, the deliberate hiring of demonstrably less well fitting stubdidates-will be necessary to implement them." (Warren, 370). Warren then describes goal as "The term "goal", on the other hand, suggests that this will not be the case, and that advanced faith efforts to comply with the standards by means short of strong reverse discrimination will be acceptable." (Warren, 370). The critical thing that must be unsounded when exploring the subject is that the writer is describing how affirmative action is being applied in American organizations today in o ther words the current reality. However, she fails to speak to us about how the impartiality designs this program to function. This is the critical component that American organizations must be educated to understand. Affirmative action as defined by law is most definitively not based on a quota system. In fact, what is not widely known is that this program can be equally used by all individuals provided that an inequality exists in the base that they belong to as not being reflected in the work force. So what is affirmative action? What is it designed to do? It is not designed to provide an opportunity to an unqualified candidate. It is designed as "a way of compensating individuals or groups for outgoing injustices or for present disadvantages stemming form past injustices" (Warren, 373). It is further designed "as a means about bringing about further future goods-for example, raising the status of downtrodden groups." (Warren, 373). The keyword in these quotes is the word "group". Who are these groups? The law has identified them. Some of the groups identified are race, religious beliefs, blood trait, gender, disability (whether physical or mental), veteran status, national origin, and the list continues. In no way does this require that you have to hire an unqualified person for a position because they fall into one or more of these groups. What it does mean is that you can not discriminate and exclude a person from getting a job, getting promoted, and other factors, just because they happen to fall into that group.

A film I have seen :: essays research papers

A film I have seenIve seen a lot of films, and with a lot of different genres. But I dont think that romantic films are pretty close. They are too boring. The good films are proceeding or comedy films, but the best films are action and com-edy films mixed together. Thats why Ive chosen the film Taxi 2. Its a French produced film, with a lot of action and comedy. Its a pretty new film, and I saw it in the cinema last month. Ive looked real much forward to see that film, because Taxi was very good too. It took only 5 weeks to get 10 mil-lion Frenchmen into the cinema. Just for watching Taxi 2. The film is taking place in Paris. Samy Naceri is playing the lead-ing role as Daniel. Daniel is an mislabeled taxi driver, because he hasnt any driver license. In the intro to the film he is overtaking Jean-Louis Schlesser (former worlds best rally driver) and drives a lot prompt than him, because he had a woman should who bear, on the backseat. Daniel has a girlfriend called Lily. She had invited Daniel for dinner, so the parents could see him. Her fa-ther is an army man. Under the dinner the father tells some long stories nearly his experiences in a war. Suddenly the red telephone rings, and he had to go to the airport to meet the Nipponese Minister of Defence. The father had a chauffeur who should interrupt him up, but the chauffeur were involved in a car accident on the way, and Daniel must drive him to the airport. In the airport Daniel meets milien (Frdric Diefenthal) and Chief inspector Gibert (Ber-nard Farcy) who he already knows from Taxi 1. The Japanese Minister of Defence was coming to France to see a French project to fight against the crime, because Japan had some problems with the yakuza (the Japanese ma-fia). The French police had planned a tour in Paris, with some planned crime factors. But the yakuza is also making a factor and is abduct the Japanese Minister of Defence. Then they together are trying to get the Japanese Minis-ter of Defence back . At last they succeed, and everything is fine. I like the film very much. I think its one of the best films Ive seen ever. The comedy in the film is just my humour, and the action was okay.

Filial Ingratitude in Shakespeares King Lear Essay -- King Lear essay

Filial Ingratitude in Shakespeares King Lear In Shakespeares King Lear, the main plot, which is focused around the actus reus of King Lear, is mirrored by the subplot, which is based on the Earl of Gloucesters mistake. The main plot par tout ensembleels the subplot in order to reiterate one of the main themes of the play, filial ingratitude. At first, both Gloucester & Lear are unaware that their disloyal offspring are taking advantage of them, and they have wrongfully accused their virtuous heirs. When they discover their mistakes however, it is too late to crystallize them. In Act I, Scene I, Goneril claims, Sir, I love you more than words can wield the matter...a love that makes breath poor, and speech unable beyond all manner of so much I love you lines 54-60. Regan, her evil counterpart also declares, I alone felicitate in your dear highness love lines 73-74. Cordelia, his honest miss cannot grant him such unfounded flattery and relies, I love your majesty ac cording to my bond nor more nor less lines 89-90. Lear enraged at her answer, b...

4th Amendment Essay -- Government Constitution Amendments History Essa

4th Amendment In the late 1700s the 4th Amendment was written because of strong objections to the Writs of Assistance or common warrants. The Writs Assistance gave officials the right to enter whatever home and seize belongings without a reasonable cause. (Grolier Encyclopedia) The 4th amendment was ratified in the Bill of Rights on declination 15, 1771. This amendment protects the peoples right to privacy and security. (Encarta Online) The Fourth Amendment states, The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable reckones and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, support by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. (Encarta Online) In the court case of Katz v. United States it was said that, the 4th Amendment protects the people and not certain areas against search and seizure. (Katz v. U.S.) Without thi s amendment people would have no claim over their personal privacy, or security. Any officer could enter homes and take either evidence that could be used to make an arrest or that could be used for prosecution in court. In order for police or any other higher authority to search and seize evidence from a suspect legally, it is required that a judge must grant a search warrant. (Encarta Online) The warrant authorizes the officer to seize particularly described items and to bring them before the court that issued the warrant. In common law, search warrants were used mainly to discover stolen property. In modern law, they have a variety of items, including intoxicating liquors, gambling implements, counterfeiters tools, burglars tools, smuggled goods, obscene literature, narcotics, illegal firearms and any article the possession of which is a crime or which may be used in evidence. (Encarta Online) The warrant must specify the place where the search is to be made and the property to be seized. An officer cannot go far a warrant from a judge in any circumstance. (Grolier Encyclopedia) The officer may have to give a reasonable cause. As ruled in the case of Illinois v. Gates in 1983, ?to establish probable cause, one must show a probability of criminal activity a prima facie tryout is not required.? (Illinois v. Gates) The accused has the right to fight the grounds when the war... ...de of the booth. After being arrested the court ruled that even though it was in a public place, he was making a private call. It was an illegal search. Now because of this case police now have to have a search warrant before use wiretapping. This applies to any and all people. (Katz v. U.S.) Along with the first eight amendments, the 4th Amendment deals with personal freedom. (Encarta Online) The 4th Amendment protects citizens from being accused of a crime without probable cause. Citizens of the United States of the States deserves and maintains the right to privacy and securit y in their own homes.Sources CitedEncarta Online. 2001. Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. 29 September 2001. . ?Illinois vs. Gates.? Ed. Ralph B. Strickland, Jr. Sept.1994. North Carolina Justice Academy. 30 Sept. 2001. .Grolier?s Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. 1996 ed. New York New York City, 1996. ?Katz vs. U.S.? 1967. . taradiddle Channel Online. 2000. Columbia University Press. 30 Sept 2001. .

4th Amendment Essay -- Government Constitution Amendments History Essa

4th Amendment In the late 1700s the 4th Amendment was written because of strong objections to the Writs of helper or general secondments. The Writs Assistance gave officials the respectable to enter whatever home and seize belongings without a reasonable cause. (Grolier Encyclopedia) The 4th amendment was ratified in the Bill of Rights on December 15, 1771. This amendment protects the peoples responsibility to privacy and security. (Encarta Online) The Fourth Amendment states, The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall non be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. (Encarta Online) In the court oddball of Katz v. United States it was said that, the 4th Amendment protects the people and not certain areas against search and seizure. (Katz v . U.S.) Without this amendment people would have no claim over their personal privacy, or security. Any officer could enter homes and take any attest that could be used to make an arrest or that could be used for prosecution in court. In order for police or any other(a) higher authority to search and seize evidence from a suspect legally, it is required that a judge must grant a search warrant. (Encarta Online) The warrant authorizes the officer to seize particularly described items and to bring them before the court that issued the warrant. In common law, search warrants were used mainly to discover stolen property. In youthful law, they have a variety of items, including intoxicating liquors, gambling implements, counterfeiters tools, burglars tools, smuggled goods, obscene literature, narcotics, illegal firearms and any article the possession of which is a crime or which whitethorn be used in evidence. (Encarta Online) The warrant must specify the place where the search is to be made and the property to be seized. An officer cannot get a warrant from a judge in any circumstance. (Grolier Encyclopedia) The officer may have to give a reasonable cause. As ruled in the case of Illinois v. Gates in 1983, ?to establish probable cause, one must show a probability of criminal activity a prima facie hearing is not required.? (Illinois v. Gates) The accused has the right to fight the grounds when the war... ...de of the booth. After being arrested the court ruled that even though it was in a public place, he was make a private call. It was an illegal search. Now because of this case police now have to have a search warrant before using wiretapping. This applies to any and all people. (Katz v. U.S.) Along with the first eight amendments, the 4th Amendment deals with personal freedom. (Encarta Online) The 4th Amendment protects citizens from being accused of a crime without probable cause. Citizens of the United States of America deserves and maintains the right t o privacy and security in their own homes.Sources CitedEncarta Online. 2001. Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. 29 September 2001. . ?Illinois vs. Gates.? Ed. Ralph B. Strickland, Jr. Sept.1994. North Carolina Justice Academy. 30 Sept. 2001. .Grolier?s Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. 1996 ed. New York New York City, 1996. ?Katz vs. U.S.? 1967. .History carry Online. 2000. Columbia University Press. 30 Sept 2001. .

Hotel Rwanda †The Rwandan Genocide Essay

Hotel Rwanda is a film about the genocide that transpired within the premises of the city of Kigali, the heart of Rwanda during the year 1994. This evil act lasted for 100 days kill thousands of innocent lives of Rwandan men, women and children. But in the film, it did non focus on the genocide. Instead, it shed a light on the heroic and courageous deed of hotshot quotidian man in an effort to save the lives of some of his countrymen.In the movie, almost all of the aspects of the genocide were tackled including the powerlessness of the United Nations to put a stop to the hostile killings perpetrated by the Rwandan government and the Hutu rebels against the Tutsis. This was very much evident when the character of Dan Cheadle was promised by the UN Colonel that he, his family and all the refugees at the Milles Collines will be rescued. But when the colonel had a talk with some other UN officer, the plan seemed to postulate changed.The colonel explained that only foreign national s were allowed to leave Rwanda. Only a small number of troops were instructed to uphold peacekeeping and not peacemaking meaning they were not allowed to shoot at anyone even if they commit violent actions. More so, the minimal involvement of the international organizations and their eventual negligence over the escalating killings in Rwanda played a pivotal role in the increased deaths of thousands of people.Instead of helping the Tutsis to take refuge to a safer place in neighboring countries, these organizations decided not to catch involve because of the misconception that nothing can restore the peace and order in an anarchic setting. Moreover in the movie, a Red Cross worker force some attention because of how she showed her bravery by setting aside her fears and her own welfare just to save a hardly a(prenominal) people from being mercilessly killed by the Hutus. Some aid workers decided to stay in order to help while others chose to flee in order to protect their welfare .Overall, the movie generated an undefiled depiction of the Rwandan genocide. However, some controversial issues were downplayed like the role of the French in the uprising and arming of the Hutu rebels. After the genocide, some reports have surfaced that implicated a few French politicians and the French military with this tragic incident. According to the results of the findings of an Independent Rwandan Commission, the French government was aware of preparations for the genocide and helped train the ethnic Hutu militia perpetrators. The report include that France provided the Hutus with political, military, diplomatic and logistical support. For almost 2 years, the commission had gathered data and interviewed several survivors. All the information that had been obtained, served as testimonies to the participation of the French government in the killing of almost 800,000 civilians in the span of 100 days (BBC, 2008). But the French vehemently refuted the accusations.In their def ense, they stated that the allegations were biased because the commission has only one thing in mind and that is to prove that the French are guilty. The French Foreign Ministry said there is no surprise in the conclusions of the commission tending(p) its mission (CNN, 2008). Aside from this, the film also failed to include the admission of the United Nations of its failure to prevent the genocide. But for the UN, this became a learning experience. They realized that people should not be neglected specifically in times of dire need when lives are at stake (BBC, 2000).Given this new angle in the Rwandan genocide, it should have been also portrayed in the movie. This would have given viewers more accurate representation of what really happened in Rwanda in April 1994. Also, this would have been a demote for the whole world to determine who the real culprits were in one of the worst humanitarian crisis of the 20th century. More so, these events could have provided a comprehensive out look on how humans are capable of doing horrendous and brutal acts just to have power and control.

Sex Discrimination Is Non-Existentin the Workplace in Hong Kong

Introduction Hong Kong, known asPearl of the Orient which enjoys the freedom of speech, the freedom of economy and the finest legal system. However, divergence is everywhere. It is because passel are not equally. It would always be inequality among people referring to physical and mental processes. Of course the two awakenes are not equal, so that sex discrimination is always an issue in a society, especially in surveyplace. BackgroundIt is a matter of fact that a employer will base on their reading background, belief, own interest and preference to hire the staffs and even for the promotion, benefits, bonus. And women gift the traditionally and historically been subjected to legal discrimination form their gender. Some of this mind set gloss over on cultural stereotypes that treats women primarity in the roles of wives and mothers. Futher women have been bench-marked as the weaker sex than male which might need protection from the third party.Such beliefs were used in the job market, nearly(prenominal) in public and private sector. The situation In the past practice of government, for example, Anson Chan(Post Chief Secretary for Administration) had employed with a lower fee than male elegant servant in the same fleck. It is because she is not a man and did not count on her ability to work. The other example is Bank of China conference did not ever have a female as a CEO position which overly is another kind of in-direct sex discrimination. Form Hong Kong already had Sex Discrimination Ordinance which passed in 1995.Discrimination on the basis of sex, marital status and pregnancy and sexual harassment are make to unlawful under(a) this legal law. According to SDO which both is protecting of men and women. However, There is a law does not mean that sex discrimination is non-extistent. Employers still can deject full control of the employment because they will not disclose the truth to the candidates due to the gender issue, like the secretary pos t is always a woman. In fact, the other kind of in-direct discrimination because some think woman will soon leave the osition to a house-wives or woman will get pregnancy, so that some of employers are not willing to promote a female as a top management to save the parental leave. The other communal Sex discrimination is sexual harassment in workplace. Sexual harassmentisintimidation,bullyingorcoercionof a sexual nature, or the uninvited or inappropriate promise of rewards in exchange for sexual favors. Surely sexual harassment is illegal. Harassment can include sexual harassment or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature.In many listed companies, most of staffs are male and always maintain that woman is even cheap or criticize woman who is not wise enough.. In my workplace often would happen such issue. I have heard my boss said Secretary should be a virgin and I will make a promotion or raise salary only base on her appearance and good shape of body. This is a sexual harassment cannot easily valid. The other example is a Legislative council member Mr Kam Nai Wai was suspected sexual harassment to a female assistant and also had fired her eventually. And this case even cannot make a charge at primary stage.So that a lot of things cannot be protected by law. Limitations Sex discrimination not only will affect the economic growth but also will harm the organization image. First, human capital is a key source of a company if cannot let the capable people to the right position that would decrease the human capital. Corporate image also is another huge resource that goodwill can make the brand name growth. It is remind that enterprises do not under-estimate the consequence of sex discrimination because once involves on a lawsuit can be a huge loss.Recommendation Sex discrimination should be a key issue of an organization and should imply to all work force to obey. Many of organizations c an gain form avoiding sex discrimination, like some international business, HSBC, Cheung Kong Holdings Limited It will definitely increase the productively and should put a effort like training program and re-enforcement on daily operation. data form Hong Kong Labour subdivision, there is still uneven distribution on job nature and income of male and female in 2010 as below direct Occupations for Women, in 2010 Occupation Total Employed (Men and Women)Percent Women Ratio of Womens Earnings to Mens Earnings sourceHK. Labor department, Womens Bureau, 20 Leading Occupations of Employed Women, 2010 Managers and administrators 8,018 31. 0 65. Secretaries 2,404 98. 9 N. A. Cashiers 2,974 77. 9 89. 4 Registered nurses 2,162 93. 1 88. 9 Sales supervisors and proprietors 4,836 43. 3 71. 5 Nursing aides, orderlies, and 2,081 91. 90. 1 attendants Elementary school teachers 2,216 82. 5 94. 9 Bookkeepers, account statement and auditing 1,621 932 93. 7 clerks Conclusion Although there is a big improvement in female employment, some of industries still focus in male or female work force only. Towards to Twenty-one century, there should be more and more equal job opportunities to both gender and also need to decrease the chance of sex harassment. Finally, people in Hong Kong will gain form the revolution. Bibliography Why market dont stop discrimination by Cass R Sunstein HK Labour department information 2010 by GOVHK Sex discrimination ordinance by Equal Opportunities Commission Sex harassment by Wikipedia Total word(1050 words)

Curley’s wife in Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay

John Steinbeck at the beginning of the novel creates dislike towards Curleys wife. However by the end of the novel we feel sympathy for her.Steinbeck uses many different techniques to present Curleys wife such asColour imageryAppearanceMetaphorsSimiles duologueForeshadowingDescriptive wordsQUOTESThe rectangle of sunshine in the doorway was cut offTartEver trunk out doin sompin. Everbody An what am i doin? Standin here talkin to a bunch of bindle stiffsa nigger an a dum-dum and a lousy ol sheepan likin it because they aint nobody else. well, you keep your localize then, nigger. I could fall you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny. I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.I could made somethin of myselfMaybe I will yet. Coulda been in the movies.I dont like Curley. He aint a nice fella.On Lennie Jus like a big baby.Her body flopped like a fishHe pawed up the hay.linguistic contextCurleys wife is the only women at the ranch, women in 1930s America where treated as less just like Curleys wife. Women where seen as stupefied and this is just like Steinbeck portrays Curleys wife. Also in 1930s America blacks and whites did not get along. There were many segregated places like hospitals and churchs etc. people where racists just like Curleys wife was towards Crooks.Curleys WifeCurleys wife knows her beauty is her power, and she uses it to flirt with the men at the ranch and make her husband jealous. Steinbeck at the beginning portrays Curleys wife to be mean and seductive. She brings evil into the mens lives by tempting them in a way they cannot resist. Eventually, she ends the dream of, the little farm where George and Lennie wanted to live.

Latest Innovations in Field of Chemistry Essay

genius of the latest inventions developed by researchers from Stellenbosch University in South Africa is a one of a kind tea leaf bag that makes do of nanotechnology to bloodless dr signing water, making it free from contaminants and bacteria. It would be interesting to note that the tea bag is made of the same material that is utilise to make the actual tea bags. The only difference is that in the Stellenbosch researchers invention the ingredients be nanoscale fibers and grains of carbon, reports io9. Both fibers and grains of carbon filter water from all hazardous contaminants.In come out to purify the water, the substance abuser needs to place the tea bag in the neck of a water bottle. The tea bag filters the water when the person dr signs from the bottle. One bag passel be used to filter up to 1 liter of water and it costs less than a half of an Ameri bear cent. Loopwing Korea Unveils Solar-Powered Street heats, Wind Power Generators Having the inclination of reducing th e demand for grid electricity, a South Korean company decided to raise a newborn type of streetlights and renewable energy references. circulate Korea presented its latest inventions at the Renewable Energy World 2010. Its loopwing-type wind power generators boast a one-of-a-kind loop-shaped wing structure that allows generating electricity from winds that beget speed as low as 2m/s. In addition, the design similarly makes it possible for the device to produce power without much noise. One of the models of loopwing type wind power generator is called the TRONC. It features a hybrid solar and wind energy generator and it doesnt need extra source of energy.Besides, the streetlight can be even machine-accessible to such external devices as LED display systems, informs Aving. TRONC represents a labyrinthine that includes a small windmill and sunlight panel mounted on top. It also features a loop wing style blade of that is 1. 5 meters in diameter. Latest Invention LED Light Bulbs that Makes Use of Salmon deoxyribonucleic acid Researchers from the University of computerized tomography lately unveiled their latest invention, which is a long-lasting LED light bulb that makes use of salmonDNA. Scientists added two different fluorescent colors to the DNA molecules, the dyes being spaced from each other at a distance ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers. After the colors were added, the DNA molecules are spun into nanofibers. The UV light that produces LED is then covered with DNA nanofibers. David Walt, a chemistry professor at Tufts University, explained When UV light is shined on the material, one dye absorbs the energy and produces red-hot light.If the other dye molecule is at the right distance, it will absorb part of that blue-light energy and emit orange light. By changing the ratios of dyes, one can adjust the quality of light, for example turning cool white into warm white. But just like all latest inventions, this one still requires much speculate ov ering. Besides in that location is presently no information regarding how many lumens per watt the salmon DNA LEDs generate, which is why it is too early to say anything about continuing life or improved light quality.New research shows that exposing polymer molecular sieve membranes to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in the presence of oxygen produces highly permeable and selective membranes for much effective molecular-level insularism, an essential swear out in everything from water purification to irresponsible fumble emissions. Published in the journal Nature Communications, the study finds that short-wavelength UV exposure of the sponge-like polymer membranes in the presence of oxygen allows the formation of ozone within the polymer matrix.The ozone induces oxidation of the polymer and chops longer polymer chains into much shorter segments, increasing the density of its surface. By controlling this densification, resulting in smaller cavities on the membrane surface, scie ntists have found they are able to create a greatly enhanced sieve for molecular-level separation as these micro-cavities improve the ability of the membrane to selectively separate, to a significant degree, molecules with various sizes , remaining highly permeable for small molecules while effectively blockage larger ones.The research from the University of Cambridges Cavendish Laboratory partly mirrors nature, as our planets ozone layer is created from oxygen hit by ultraviolet light irradiated from the sun. Researchers have now certifyd that the selectivity of these newly modified membranes could be enhanced to a remarkable level for practical applications, with the permeability potentially increasing between anyplace from a hundred to a gm times greater than the current commercially-used polymer membranes.Scientists believe such research is an important timber towards more energy efficient and purlieually friendly gas-separation applications in major global energy serve w elles ranging from purification of natural gases and total heat for sustainable energy production, the production of enriched oxygen from air for cleansing agent combustion of fossil fuels and more-efficient power generation, and the capture of carbon dioxide and other harmful greenhouse gases.Chemists at Indiana University Bloomington have created a symmetrical, five-sided macrocycle that is easy to synthesize and has characteristics that may help expand the molecular tool box lendable to researchers in biology, chemistry and materials sciences. The molecule, which the researchers call cyanostar, was developed in the lab of Amar Flood, associate professor in the Department of Chemistry in the College of Arts and Sciences. It is described in an article in the journal Nature Chemistry, scheduled for publication in August and available online.Doctoral student Semin Lee is the lead author of the article, A pentagonal cyanostar macrocycle with cyanostilbene CH donors binds anions a nd forms dialkylphosphate (3)rotaxanes. Flood and Chun-Hsing Chen, research crystallographer in the IU Molecular Structure middle(a), are co-authors. Macrocycles have been at the heart of molecular recognition experiments in recent years, Flood said. But theyre a dime a dozen. To make a contri neverthelession, you have to displace the bar. Cyanostar raises the bar not only because it is easy to make, but for its unprecedented ability to bind with large, negatively charged ions, suggesting potential applications ranging from environmental remediation of perchlorate and molecular perceive of biological phosphates, to processes related to the life cycle of lithium ion batteries. The creation follows from earlier work in Floods lab showing that organic molecules could be designed to remove negatively charged ions from solutions.While the molecules have a neutral charge overall, their structure causes them to exhibit electro-positive properties and bind with weakly coordinating anion s that were erstwhile thought to be incapable of being captured by molecular receptors. breakthrough in fuel cell technology. Scientists from Julich and Berlin have developed a material for converting hydrogen and oxygen to water victimisation a tenth of the typical amount of platinum that was previously required.With the aid of state-of-the-art electron microscopy, the researchers discovered that the function of the nanometre-scale throttle particles is decisively determined by their geometric shape and atomic structure. This discovery opens up new paths for further improving accelerators for energy conversion and storage. The results have been publish in the current issue of the respected journal Nature Materials (DOI 10. 1038/nmat3668). Hydrogen-powered fuel cells are regarded as a clean alternative to conventional combustion engines, as, forth from electric energy, the only substance produced during operation is water.At present, the implementation of hydrogen fuel cells i s being hindered by the high material costs of platinum. Large quantities of the dearly-won noble admixture are still required for the electrodes in the fuel cells at which the chemical conversion processes take place. Without the catalytic effect of the platinum, it is not currently possible to achieve the necessary conversion rates. As catalysis takes place at the surface of the platinum only, material can be stay freshd and, simultaneously, the readiness of the electrodes improved by using platinum nanoparticles, thus increasing the ratio of platinum surface to material required.Although the tiny particles are around ten thousand times smaller than the diameter of a human hair, the surface area of a kilogram of such particles is equivalent to that of several football fields. Still more platinum can be saved by mixing it with other, less valuable metals, such as nickel or copper. Scientists from Forschungszentrum Julich and Technische Universitat Berlin have succeeded in evol ution efficient metallic catalyst particles for converting hydrogen and oxygen to water using only a tenth of the typical amount of platinum that was previously required.Researchers from Ulsan study Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), S. Korea, developed a novel, simple method to synthesize hierarchically nanoporous frameworks of nanocrystalline metal oxides such as magnesia and ceria by the thermal conversion of well-designed metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The novel material developed by the UNIST research team has exceptionally high CO2 adsorption capacity which could pave the track to save the Earth from CO2 pollution. Nanoporous materials consist of organic or inorganic frameworks with a regular, porous structure.Because of their uniform pore sizes they have the property of letting only reliable substances pass through, while blocking others. Nanoporous metal oxide materials are ubiquitous in materials science because of their numerous potential applications in va rious areas, including adsorption, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, optoelectronics, and drug delivery. While synthetic strategies for the preparation of siliceous nanoporous materials are well-established, non-siliceous metal oxide-based nanoporous materials still present challenges.A description of the new research was published (Web) on whitethorn 7 in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. (Title Nanoporous Metal Oxides with Tunable and Nanocrystalline Frameworks via Conversion of Metal-Organic Frameworks) This article will be also highlighted in the Editors cream of the journal Science. Ionic unruffled formulation improves herbicide Scientists in Poland and the US have reformulated the herbicide dicamba to reduce its environmental impact. The use of chemicals in agriculture is widespread, however, there are increasing concerns about their other environmental effects.Dicamba, used to control broadleaf crazy weeds in grain fields and grasslands, is known to en ter the environment via water runoff and evaporation following its application. In an attempt to reduce its volatility, a team led by Robin Rogers, from the University of Alabama, and Juliusz Pernak, from Poznan University of Technology, has formulated dicamba as an loft liquid. Ionic liquids are liquid salts, consisting of a cation and an anion. Deprotonated dicamba assumed the role of anion and the team tested different cations to see which combination was most effective.The team formulated 28 new dicamba noggin liquids using hydrophobic cations that had surfactant or antimicrobial activities. We have always thought of ionic liquids as dual- playing that is, one can trust an active ingredient in both ions into a single salt, exaplins Rogers. By forming a hydrophobic ionic liquid, the water solubility of the herbicide was reduced. The new ionic liquids showed lower volatility, increased thermal stability and improved efficacy in field tests over the parent dicamba.Not only are t he ionic liquid forms desirable because of the potential for lower environmental impact, they actually work better, leading to lower application rates of the chemicals, Rogers adds. Bill Johnson from Purdue University, Indiana, US, an expert in the development of weed management systems, comments that if a less volatile form of the herbicide can still provide the same level of weed control, the concerns about off-site purport will be greatly reduced. He also says that this approach could be taken with other weak acid herbicides, such as 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid).The next step for Rogers and co-workers is to investigate other cations with the dicamba anion to create a herbicide with other useful properties. Sustainable iron catalyst for clean hydrogenation 27 June 2013Emma Eley An international team of chemists has describe a clean and green way to perform one of the most important industrial reactions for pharmaceutical and petrochemical synthesis. Platinum group met als are currently the catalysts of preference for hydrogenations due to their high activity. However, they are also expensive, toxic and very rare.Now, in a joint project between McGill University, Canada, and the RIKEN Institute, Japan, a polymer supported iron catalyst has acquaintd excellent performance as a hydrogenation catalyst in the most environmentally-friendly of reaction mediums water. Iron is abundant and far less toxic than the uncommon metal catalysts currently used, but its use in industry is limited by it rusting in the presence of oxygen and water. When rusted, iron nanoparticles stop acting as hydrogenation catalysts, explains project leader Audrey Moores from McGill University.The system we report solves this limitation and makes iron active in water. Amphiphilic polymers, developed by Yasuhiro Uozumi at the RIKEN Institute, are used to defend the iron catalyst from being de initiated by water while still allowing reactants to reach the catalysts active site . After overcoming some synthetic difficulties involving the use of toxic iron pentacarbonyl, the team showed that their robust catalyst was tolerant to water and could be viewed as a realistic competitor to the platinum series metals. The authors demonstrate that the catalyst can be used in a flow system with little leaching, allowing for continuous hydrogenation at the multi-gram scale, says Jianliang Xiao, a catalysis expert at the University of Liverpool, UK. As it stands now, the catalytic activity is still low that said, the study presents an excellent example of green chemistry in practice total atom-economic reduction in flow with an inexpensive and safe iron catalyst.Future work from the team will focus on developing and understanding the protective power of the polymer. We are also interested in developing this catalyst for other industrially relevant reactions, says Moores. Titanium takes on HaberBosch process The synthesis of ammonia under milder condition, using less energy and fewer resources, has moved a step closer. Scientists in Japan have created a trinuclear titanium polyhydride complex that can sunder the dinitrogen bond and form nitrogenhydrogen bonds at ambient temperature and pressure without additional reducing agents or proton sources. 1 Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in our atmosphere, essential to life, yet largely inert.Some microbes generate bioavailable nitrogen by reducing nitrogen to ammonia. Industrially, ammonia is produced via the HaberBosch process, which is so energy intensive that it consumes 1% of the energy generated globally. The process combines nitrogen and hydrogen over activated iron surfaces to generate ammonia for use as a fertiliser or as a chemical feedstock. This titanium complex could be part of the answer to producing cheaper fertiliser Science/AAAS The intrinsic inertness of nitrogen has made it challenging to discover metal complexes that can both bind and activate it.By experimental and computationa l studies, we determined that the dinitrogen reduction by a trinuclear titanium hydride complex reaping sequentially through scission of a nitrogen molecule bonded to three titanium atoms in an end-on-side-on fashion, followed by NH bond formation, says study author Zhaomin Hou, of the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Japan. The hydride ligands serve as the source of both electron and proton. Cleaving the NN bond and forming NH bonds directly from a hydride complex has been seen only rarely, with some f the most influential work coming from Michael Fryzuk at the University of British Columbia, Canada, who has championed the hydride route to dinitrogen complexes. 2 The active sites of both major N2 reduction catalysts nitrogenases and the HaberBosch process have hydride species as their resting states, but in neither case is the detailed mechanism of hydrogen loss and nitrogen cleavage known, says Patrick Holland of the University of Rochester, US.The authors, he ad ds, conclusively determined the structures of many of the intermediates along the pathway, giving insight into possible structures and pathways of intermediates on the catalysts. Fryzuk, who wrote an accompanying perspective,3 says the paper adds important fundamental knowledge about potential unsophisticated reactions such as cleaving NN triple bonds and forming NH bonds, which are relevant to the HaberBosch process.He predicts it will change the way people think about N2 activation so that in the future perhaps a soluble, suitably designed multi-metallic hydride complex will be able to both activate and functionalise molecular nitrogen productively to form ammonia or some other higher-value nitrogen containing material. However, there still challenges to overcome to make this process practically useful, Hou says. But if successful the low temperature, low pressure synthesis of ammonia in smaller reactors is on the cards.Latest Invention Worlds First Battery Powered by Paper Sony has recently announced it managed to come up with a battery powered by paper. However, the whole process is more complex than simply using a standard paper. The batteries developed by the Japanese tech giant make use of enzymes in order to break down the glucose found in the cellulose of the paper (which by the way is made of wood pulp fibers). It would be interesting to note that Sony was able to demonstrate its bio-battery. The demo took place at the Eco-Products exhibition in Tokyo.During the presentation the paper was placed into a mix of water and enzymes. After a couple of transactions the liquid started generating enough power to activate a small fan. After enzymes broke down the paper, they were left with cole that was produced from cellulose. Then they were able to process the sugar to produce hydrogen ions and electrons. The latter then went through an outer circuit to produce power. Mixed with oxygen in the air, the hydrogen ions were then able to create H2O. This is t he same mechanism with which termites eat wood to get energy.Bio batteries are environmentally friendly and have great potential as they use no metals or harmful chemicals, explained Chisato Kitsukawa, a PR manager at Sony. Scientists use electron ink to write on graphene paper Nanoscale writing offers a reliable way to record information at extremely high densities, making it a promising tool for patterning nanostructures for a variety of electronic applications. In a recent study, scientists have demonstrated a simple yet effective way to write and draw on the nanoscale by using an electron beam to selectively break the carbon atoms in single-layer graphene.The researchers, Wei Zhang and Luise Theil Kuhn at the Technical University of Denmark in Roskilde, Denmark and Qiang Zhang and Meng-Qiang Zhao at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China, have published their study on using electron ink to write on graphene paper in a recent issue of Nanotechnology. The ability to record informat ion has been directly correlated with the process of human purification since ancient times, Wei Zhang told Phys. org. Paper and ink are the two essential factors to record history.Currently, information communication has proceeded onto an unprecedented scale. Nanoscale writing, which is essentially the manipulation of matter on the nanoscale, has already been widely explored. The current methods can be classified into two groups lithography (top down), which imprints a pre-made pattern on a substrate, but has restricted resolution and self-assembly (bottom up), which manipulates atoms or molecules individually, but faces challenges with controllability.Herein, the researchers proposed a combination method based on both types of methods to overcome the difficulties of each, which they demonstrated on the thinnest paper in the world graphene. The rise of graphene calls for broad attention, Qiang Zhang said. One distinct characteristic is its flatness, which provides the perfect opp ortunity to be regarded as the thinnest paper. In order to directly write on this ultimate thin paper, the suitable ink must be found. At the small scale, typically nanoscale, the ink candidate ust meet the qualification as both high-resolution writing and visualization function. Therefore, high-voltage electrons in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) are the best choice. The electron beam can be manipulated as ink for direct writing, but is by itself invisible. When an electron beam (green) writes on graphene paper, some of the carbon atoms in the graphene are kicked off, and external carbon atoms are deposited onto the dangling bonds to form an irregular structure that appears as ink. Credit Wei Zhang, et al. 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.As the researchers explain, the carbon atoms in graphene are sensitive to a variety of irradiation effects. Here, a 300 keV electron beam was used to break local carbon-carbon bonds in single-layer graphene. When the bonds break, carbon atoms a re kicked off, resulting in dangling bonds that are free to attract new carbon species from the vacuum and on the graphene surface. These new amorphous carbon species become absorbed onto the dangling bonds to stabilize the edge, forming only along the scanning direction of the electron beam.

Case Analysis ESRI

However, the software that SERIES provides is for a much more complex set of trading operations than solely feel up driving directions. In fact the software and services the company provides in the geographical training systems securities industry, is so tailored to private companies and firm that it cannot be catalogued with web based GIS such as Google Maps or Map Quest. Yes most of these systems now point out a abundant muddle of geographical knowledge, but is for the more common user. SERIES produces 40 products and related services for 40 different industries.As such, the company corner proper(postnominal) niche of the geographical information systems market that some other more general web based systems would not be able to do without some extensive restructuring. Are the unembellished problems the real problems or only symptoms of the real problems? The problem, if it can be called one is based on the human need to know about their world. Now, instead of looking at a paper map, the average consumer can find a wealth of information about literally any location, any. Here in the world. This was merely a logical progression of web based technology. In my analysis I found no problems with SERIES. The company has a strong foundation. It is not losing market share do to perceived competition, and its business strategy is sound. What are the characteristics of the environment in which the company operates? The characteristics of the company are of a firm that caters to a specific demographic that requires use of their products.It has only a few competitors, and is widely respected by competitor and customer alike What are the characteristics of the industry that the company is in and how is the industry changing over time? GIS is computer software that combines geographic location with point of interest information. This is done by producing electronic maps that have layers of information stacked upon each other to include visualization (ad graphics) with spatial analysis (combination of data and visualized information.The industry itself is comprised of large government agencies, utility companies, and large retail businesses such as store chains. What is the firms strategy, in terms of the five strategy elements, for competing in this context? Arenas Where will we be active? SERIES being a company that was started to field a specific variety of products or a specific number of industries that require complex geological information systems has chosen to stay in this niche market and not expand further.Vehicles how will we get there? SERIES has chosen to arrive at their chosen destination by using sound financial management, concentration on R, customer relations, and choosing to not go public. Differentiators How will we win in the marketplace? SERIES has chosen to score itself by upgrading their products periodically, add touches requested by customers and by actually using information provided by customer surveys. Staging and Spacing What will be our promote and sequence of moves?Through strategic planning, SERIES has shown that remaining in a niche market allows it to cater to the speed of requirement versus the speed of competition. Therefore, a great deal more time can be can be concentrated on R, customer relations, and company development. Economic logic How will we see our returns? Because the company has chosen to remain private, all return on investment can be invested back into the company. There are no outlying expenses other than what the company itself generates. What are possible solutions to identified problems?The only solution was stated by the companys founder. Although not a requirement, SERIES could become more marketable by developing web based applications to make their information more accessible. Are there any possible problems with your suggested recommendations? What contingencies need to be accommodated? By making information more accessible, it also makes the company more public, which is not something the company leadership wishes to do. Furthermore, it pushes the company into a broader market which inevitably creates more competition.

2- Religion Does Not Cause Wars

Religion Causes war. So often is this sentiment heard in the best sellers from Richard Dawkins to Sam Harris that it has almost commence a proverb. It is said so often that people believe it without question. But, in fact, religion does not cause contend. If you be an atheist, I ask for your intellectual frankness in evaluating this question. You have every right to believe what you will, but we should all be honest and not sling mud where it is not warranted. Laying war at the feet of religion is erect not honest, warranted, fair or accurate. War is people (usually men) armed combat, usually for a bit of territory or desired resource.One caller wants some topic another party has. The leader of the first party will use whatever he can to galvanize his entire party, usually connecting to any chemical throng identity he can think of, which includes but is not limited to ideology, nationality, ethnicity, differentiate and yes, religion. War is two groups (of any definition, but of which the group designation is incidental) fighting over something one has and the other wants. Blaming merely religion is as incorrect as blaming only ethnic groups, ideologues, persons identifying with a certain country or class struggle.The two most destructive wars in history, World Wars I and II both had nothing to do with religion. WWI was the unfortunate culmination of dangerous levels of Nationalism. In WWII Hitler employ nationality and ethnicity to galvanize his group to take what he wanted that others had the whole of Europe. The millions who died under Communism were under a specifically atheistic ideology that explicitly command religion and decried it as a delusion. All wars in American history from the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, the Mexican War, the Spanish-American War, and the World Wars all had absolutely nothing at all to do with religion.Ah, but the major one cited by atheists is the Crusades. Once again though, one group (this time, yes the Chri stians) galvanized under that group because they wanted something someone else, the Muslims, had. It is beta to keep mind two things though 1) that the Christians had been in possession of the land until the Muslims seized in the 700s AD and thought they were sound taking it back and 2) that it was not just Christians versus Muslims. Neither Christian nor Muslim leadership was united. It was different bands of Christians versus different Muslim cities and leaders.Several times during the fighting actually, Muslims would ally with Christians against their own Muslim enemies and vice versa. It was not smashing Christianity vs. Islam. But regardless, the point is that it was one group wanting something another group had. Yes religion was the galvanizing factor in this case, but it could have easily been something else, like Europeans versus Arabs, and in the actually fighting those identities broke down as people allied with whomever would be most helpful in achieving their ends. C learly, religion was not the only thing motivating those who fought.Eliminating religion would do nothing to eliminate war. There are so many other group identities which may be/are equally, if not more so, abused that the elimination of one, if even possible, would have no effect on the amount of fighting in this world whatsoever. This whole thing is not to say that group identities are bad, just that they, like anything existing, may be abused. I would not advocate an attempt to dissolve all group ties simply because they are not inherently bad in the least and I do not believe it possible to destroy them at all.They are true, not made up or purely subjective. They are natural, are usually very good and are part of the human condition. We desire to associate, as Aristotle and so many others have acknowledged, we are social creatures. Man is a political animal. Forming groups and identities is just what we do. And those communities become true expressions of self, a group self th at has just as much potential for affirming true ideas as philosophy or science.Some may say that Europe, particularly France have effectively done away with ordinary religious sentiment, but does not France identity as secular just as strongly as another country identifies as religious? Secularism withal is an identity that has just as much potential to encourage war as religion or any other identity. Communism is an all as well as perfect example of that. In conclusion, there is a distorted story of history floating around in which religion causes everything. This is actually far from the truth.So in closing, here is just a brief list of examples of wars not caused by religion. 1. World War I 2. World War II 3. The Cold War 4. The American Civil War 5. The American Revolution 6. The Hundred Years War in Europe between England and France from 1337 to 1453. It was over a claim to the cut throne 7. The Napoleonic Wars 8. The Rwandan Genocide (ethnic) 9. The Peloponnesian Wars bet ween Athens and Sparta in Ancient Greece (over territory and power) 10. Every Roman battle ever, such as the Carthaginian Wars against Carthage Image Source

Reagan Revolution Essay

relationLecture trace May 20, 2013 The Reagan Revolution & Cold War in the 1980s I. Reagan Revolution and the Rise of the newly Right The new grassroots conservative movement. it focused on a few themes 1) focus on physical restraint reigning in spending of the economy, the great society programs 2) Tax code rescript 3) political sympathies efficiency sense of urgency for this, because of how transparent the government, and what it owed to the u. s. public. a. Reagans views and policies 1980s high inflation and waffle economy, and regean promised to return the nation to economic promise. Campaign had focused on a strong military and a scaled congest federal government. (he specifically wanted the federal government scaled back, provided it was alright to undergo spending for subject field security (military). tensions between the national security state and the spending for the national governmentHe wanted a return to traditional values that had been lost. he was enormou sly charismatic. He was good at delivering lines and delivering his speeches,. government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem government needed to be scaled back.. ederal government needed to lessen itself in our daily lives. and in the business community too. he wanted a reversal of the programs in the great society. roll back big government. Roll back in domestic policy, expanding it in contrary policy with the military. 1989 when he concluded his presidency, economy debt had tripled. b. Reaganomics / Supply-side economics pursuance to increase the economies capacity to produce. the theory behind it was exxessive taxation was slowing things down in the economy, and it discouraged sullen work? bring on economic growth by cutting taxesso people could invest that money in another way.Trickle down economics leave the money to the wealthy and it will separate go forth down into society. c. Economic Recovery Tax of 1981 lowered the taxes on the wealth to free up capital. 23% cut. then societal security taxes went up d. Business expansion capital was freed up, and on that point was an expansion and the government did grow. high employment, Anti-union stance. violating a law of federal worked fighting back. e. cut non-defense federal spending. it was hard to cut social security and medicare. US became a debter nation f. rapid growth and critique of the economy . Wall roadway & Deregulation dirty decade, stock speculation, corporate mergers, a agglomerate of shady wallstreet dealing, and a lot of deregulation. These companies were too bogged down in regulation. so they deregulated business. and allow corporations to make risks they wouldnt normally take. also allowed for greater abuses. laizze faire, leave business alone, big stores were growing during time, and imbibe merger mania (Microsoft when public in 1986, this environment was condusive) this also created a lot of tensions. class tensions were exacerbated. elebration of wealth for those getting richer, and the poor getting poorer. h. lifestyles for the rich and the storied II. The Cold War & Foreign Policy in the 1980s i. Reagans domestic vs. foreign policies he had a foreign policy that was highly activist, but he wanted to stay undersized in domestic. he wanted to battle communism and leftism. he launched the biggest military expansion in peacetime history. more than than 70% 1981 to 1986, Reagan was struck by wanting the united states to both be powerful military and symbolically. they wanted people to associate us as a military strength.He had a nostalgia for WW2, and how the US emerged out of ww2. j. Nuclear freeze movement anti nuclear protest throughout this time in cart in the early 1980s activists one a lot of recruits. The entire world wold be blown up if we didnt reduce the arms. This wasnt just in the united states, it was in great Britain and Germany too. it was a world wide movement. it called a cause for a freeze, banning te sting and building. june 1982 800,000 freeze campaign. it permiated all levels of society. in response to this he had the star wars speech k. Star Wars & Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983 this was a space based missile system, that was supposed to defend the united states from nuclear attack. it looked very futuristic, we do have some of this technology now however. dont introduce this because we really dont have this technologyl. Anticommunism & Latin America some critics that expressed fear, that hear we are repeating veitnam. Congress responded to the fears, and congress said do not fund this anymore. m. Evil Empire speech (1983) n. Iran-Contra Scandel i. Role of Oliver unification national security aid, stationed in the white place. e directed money from the Iranian arms gross sales to the contras. congress had banned this, do not fund the contras anymore. congress had forbidden this aid. North had circumvented this ban by raising money from wealthy conservatives from other governments, to fund this. (wealthy new right conservatives funded this) all in unfathomable to the congress and to the people. New story broke, televised hearings in 1987, erased computer files right before the fbi arrived. he defended it by saying sometimes you need to go above the law for patriotism. he emphasized, I love my country and I am a patriot.Reagan praised north as a national hero, for undergoing this with American security in mind, but he also fired him. TV Reagan denied knowing anything about the scandal, but mistakes were made. criticized his lack management style. there was no evidence that he knew of this, but there was a lot of lax white house procedures. it diminished the credibility on a national scale of the us presidency, but he emerged tenor this unscathed. this is when historians lok back and he really was the Teflon president, the American public still supported him I. Conclusion 1989, shutdown of the Cold War & Post-Cold War Challenges

Concept Briefing

Abstract This brief describes juxtaposition of bibliographic disks and how it helps to formulate effective search strategies resulting in good information retrieval. Collocation is the cataloging edge of bringing together related items, such as titles written by the resembling author, editions, and versions of the equivalent title, or materials on the same topic. This briefing also provides examples of the value of juxtaposition in maintaining a successful program library catalog such as compiling all in all information on Princess Diana in one record would be an example of apposition.Use of collocation in bibliographic records can provide vast improvement in information retrieval. Introduction Cataloging is a register of all bibliographic items found in the library. Items can be any kind of entity that is a library based material (book, magazine, audiobook, etc. ). Bibliographic control, cataloging teaches us, encompasses all the activities winding in creating, organizing, managing, and maintaining the file of an entity record. To maintain consistency in multiple matching entities, catalogers use the touch of collocation to bring them together.The better the catalog, the higher the credibility a library has with its users. Users atomic number 18 more content with fast, completed and effective retrieval of information. All collections, either physical or virtual, are formed with collocation, the process of bringing together related information (Taylor 1999). It is a useful term because it emphasizes the purpose of collection construction and can be applied to the different means used to bring together materials. Collocation is practically associated with physical location, such as when materials written by the same author are placed together on shelves in library.A library catalogue also provides collocation by bringing together care materials through a system of records and references. In the electronic age, collocation is associated with virtua lly grouping materials together, there is reason that people writing about the same concept often do not use the same words to express them. (Taylor, 2009, p. 333) Definition According to Arlene Taylor, collocation is the bringing together of records and/or information resources that are related in some sort (e. g. same author, same work different titles or different editions, same subjects, etc,). As all cataloged materials have a call number, collocated materials can be assigned a collocation device. A number or other designation on an item used to place it side by side(p) to (ie. , collocate with) other items that are like it. (Taylor, 2009, p. 449) Purpose and implications The purpose behind cataloging was established in 1876 by Charles Ammi Cutter. They were (1) to enable a patron to find a book by author, title, or subject (2) to immortalize what the library has by a given author, on a given subject, or in a given kind of literature and (3) to assist in the choice of a boo k as to the edition, or as to its character. Cutters objects describe two distinct-functions for the catalog a finding list function and a collocation (gathering) function. (Intner, 200 , p. 2) In cataloging, all publications of an author are filed in one place under(a) the lintel for the authors name. Editions of a work are together under the heading for the title. Then, finally, all subjects are gathered under a subject heading. Authority control is the procedure by which consistency would be maintained through these various headings. A library patron could search the records by a name, title, or subject search. with collocation, all of these searches are brought together. Primary access points also provide a way to collocate all derivations of the work. If there are several manifestations of a worka translation, an illustrated version, an audio versionchoosing the same primary winding access point for them means that in most retrieval tools they will be displayed together. ( Taylor, 2006, p. 171) Collocation is an fundamental outcome of the practice of choosing primary access points. This access point has proved to be, so far, the only way to collocate all manifestations of a work, including instances when manifestations have different titles, and editions have different authors. (Taylor, 2009, p. 269)

Sharing Responsibility †Role of local and state bodies: Disaster Management Essay

Disaster management toilette be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for transaction with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the strike of incidents. Disaster The term DISASTER has been taken from a French word Desastre (French des means unfavourable and astre means star) meaning bad evil star. A tragedy whether natural or human induced, is an suit which results in widespread human loss. It is accompanied by loss of livelihood and property causing desolate impact on socio-economical conditions. India is one of the most vulnerable developing countries to sufer from heterogeneous disasters like-flood, drought, cyclone, landslide, earthquake, forestfire, volcanic erruptions, roits, terrorist attacks etc. essential disasters-It is an event that is caused by a natural hazard and leads to human, hearty, economical and environmental losses. They are beyond the concor d of human beings. Nature provides us with all the resources, plainly it can be sometimes cruel in any case. close to examples of natural disasters are- the 2001 earthquake in Bhuj, Gujarat, the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the 2008 earthquake in China, the 2007 cyclone in Myanmar. Eg. Floods, Drought, Earthquake, Volcano, Cyclones, Landslides, Avalanches etc. Human-Induced Disasters- human made disasters are caused by human activities such as nuclear explosion, chemical & biological weapons, industrial pollution, war, accidents etc.Some serious destructions caused by humans, which affects the human beings and the socio-economic conditions of that area. For example- the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy, train derailments, serial blasts in Mumbai in 2008 (26/11) etc. Eg, Nuclear, biological and Chemical Disasters. Disaster circumspectionIt is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks. In general it is the continuous process by which all individuals, groups and communities manage haz ards in an effort to avoid or minimize the impact of the disastersresulting from the hazards. It is almost unrealizable to fully control the damage caused by the disaster, but it is possible to minimize to some extent by these ways- (1) By early warning given by MET. department through radio, TV. (2) The police control board , fire control officers , the snuggle by RED-cross office and other rescue teams should be informed. (3) Spread sense nearly disasters and tips to handle them. (4) Space technology calculates a very important role in stiff mitigation of disasters. (5) study loss of life and property can be avoided with carefull planning along with and effective warning and evacuation procedure. (6)We should cooperate with the rescue teams. It is our moral and social duty that we should help in written text relief camps for those who chip in suffered. Role Of Local People In Managing Disasters-1. Spread awareness most disasters2. uprise mock camps in their holidays in neighbouring villages to train people to cope up with disasters 3. The basic role of students is bed covering AWARENESS of what to do during and after disasters. This would lessen the death toll, panicking, paranoid and uncontrollable people running about 4. Be a part of emergency rescue team5. A big aspect of disaster management is preparedness6. Students can also provide first aod which would help authorities in parsimony lives 7. Deforestation should be checked8. Buildings should not be built on steep slopes and every facial expression should follow the Architechtural Parameters.INTRODUCTIONIndia has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been perennial phenomena. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Evenas substantial scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and property due to disasters has not decreased. Over the past couple of years, the Government of India has brought about a paradigm shift in the approach to disaster management. The new approach proceeds from the reliance that development cannot be sustainable unless disaster mitigation is built into the development process.This project discusses the roles that government and several(a) agencies that play an important role in managing disasters. We too as citizens of India can play a major role. We can also be a volunteer and also a skilled personnel and save lives of our near and dear democracy men/women in any disaster scenario. At the time of disaster various agencies both government and non government organizations playa crucial role in preparing the society. Home Guards, Civil Defense, Volunteers of national return Scheme, NehruYuva Kendra Sangathan too play a major role at the time of crisis. This chapter tries to understand the functions and role of these agencies in disaster management, who make the soc iety a reform place to lives.http//www.annauniv.edu/nss/aboutnss.htm (impo)http//www.etu.org.za/toolbox/docs/government/disaster.html (impo)http//www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/67723-SHARING-RESPONSIBILITY-ROLE-OF-LOCAL-AND-STATE.aspx (impo)http//disaster.ifas.ufl.edu/PDFS/CHAP03/D03-07.PDFhttp//orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/Orissareview/jan2004/englishpdf/chapter15.pdfhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Human_Duties_and_Responsibilitieshttp//www.nagalandhgcd.nic.in/CD%20disaster%20mngt.html (civil demur in disaster management)http//www.nagalandhgcd.nic.in/index.html ( Nagaland Home Gaurds and Civil Defence Organisation)http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Guard_(India)Functions ( function of Home Guard )http//www.un.org.in/_layouts/CMS/undmt.aspx ( UN Disaster Management Team )http//www.psgtech.edu/ncc/02NccInfo.html (NCC Impo)INDIAN CIVIL DEFENCEHome Guard ( Delhi Home guard and civil defence) field of study Service SchemeUN DISASTER MANAGEMENT TEAM LOGOINDIAN ARMED FORCESTh e Armed Forces have six main tasksTo assert the territorial integrity of India.To defend the country if attacked by a impertinent nation.To send own amphibious warfare equipment to take the battle to enemy shores. To follow the Cold stupefy doctrine, meaning that the Indian Armed Forces are able to quickly mobilize and take offensive actions without crown of thorns the enemys nuclear-use threshold. However, officially, India denies having a cold start strategy quoting the Indian Army chief there is nothing called Cold Start. As part of our overall strategy we have a depend of contingencies and options, depending on what the aggressor does.In the recent years, we have been improving our systems with respect to mobilization, but our basic force posture is defensive. To support the civil community in case of disasters (e.g. flooding). To participate in United Nations peacekeeping operation operations in consonance with Indias commitment to the United Nations Charter. The code o f conduct of the Indian force is detailed in a semi-official book called Customs and Etiquette in the Services, written by retired Major General Ravi Arora, which details how Indian personnel are expected to conduct themselves generally. Arora is an executive editor of the Indian Military Review. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Armed_ForcesCurrent (Details on the above info. And pictures of president of republic of India, Headquarters of ministry of defense etc.)NCC IndiaIt is the Indian force cadet corps with its Headquarters at New Delhi. It is open to school and college students on voluntary basis. topic plebe Corps is a Tri-Services Organization, comprising the Army, Navy and Air Force, engaged in grooming the youth of the country into disciplined and patriotic citizens. The National Cadet Corps in India is a voluntary organization which recruits cadets from laid-back schools, colleges and Universities all over India. The Cadets are given basic military training in small arm and parades. The officers and cadets have no liability for active military service once they complete theircourse but are given preference over normal candidates during selections based on the achievements in the corps. NCC HISTORY The NCC in India was formed with the National Cadet Corps Act of 1948. It was raised on 15 July 1948 The National Cadet Corps can be considered as a successor of the University Officers Training Corps (UOTC) which was naturalised by the British in 1942. During World War II, the UOTC never came up to the expectations set by the British. This led to the thought that some better schemes should be formed, which could train more young men in a better way, even during peace times. A committee headed by Pandit H.N. Kunzru recommended a cadet organization to be established in schools and colleges at a national level. The National Cadet Corps Act was accepted by the Governor General and on 15 July 1948 the National Cadet Corps came into existence. MOTTO OF NCCUnity and written report (Ekta aur Anushasan)AIMS OF NCC 1. To develop qualities of character, courage, comradeship, discipline, leadership, secular outlook, spirit of adventure and sportsmanship and the ideals of selfless service among the youth to make them useful citizen.2. To establish a human resource of organized trained and motivated youth to provide leadership in all walks of life including the Armed Forces and be always available for the service of the nation.HOW ARE DISASTERS MANAGED AT issue LEVEL?http//ndmindia.nic.in/DM-Booklet-080211.pdf (institutional mechanisms) HOW ARE DISASTERS MANAGED AT STATE LEVEL1. INTRODUCTIONThe evince Disaster Management action at law Plan (DMAP) has been prepared for its operationalisation by various departments and agencies of the Government ofMaharashtra and other Non-Governmental Agencies expected to participate in disaster management. This plan provides for institutional arrangements, roles and responsibilities of the various a gencies, interlinks in disaster management and the scope of their activities. An elaborate inventory of resources has also been formalized.The purpose of this plan is to evolve a system to assess the status of existing resources and facilities available with the various departments and agencies involved in disaster management in the state assess their adequacies in dealing with a disaster identify the requirements for institutional strengthening, technological support, upgradation of information systems and data management for improving the quality of administrative response to disasters at the state level make the state DMAP an effective response mechanism as well as a policy and planning tool. The state DMAP addresses the states response to demands from the regularize administration and in extraordinary emergency situations at multi-district levels. It is associated with disasters like road accidents, major fires, earthquakes, floods, cyclones, epidemics and off-site industrial a ccidents. The present plan is a multi-disaster response plan for the disasters which outlines the institutional framework required for managing such situations. The state DMAP specifically focuses on the role of various governmental departments and agencies like the Emergency Operations Centre in case of any of the above mentioned disasters. This plan concentrates primarily on the response strategy.

Sch33 Children and Young People Workforce

SCH 33 advocate jibeity and inclusion in health, social c atomic number 18 or childrens and young peoples settings. 1. 1 DiversityDiversity means that every individual is diametric and unique. No matter what your language, race, informal orientation, gender, age, religion or physical ability, we all form unrivaled respective(a) group. You will never baffle two people exactly the same as everyone is from different backgrounds and walks of life. I see a diverse group in my setting as all the children are from different backgrounds.I personally weigh that children invite to understand the importance of diversity from an early age so they can recognise and see that they are all individuals. EqualityI will admit that I originally thought that compare fair meant that everyone had to be treated the same, but this is not actually accurate. We are to treat everyone that same, but not in the sense that I thought, it means by giving everyone the same choices and opportunities, either in education or care, no matter what their background or abilities etc.Every person has different needs and abilities so as farsighted as they are given the same access to opportunities. It is not ab tabu having one rule for one group and another rule for a different group as this is unlikeness. We are all equal in the fact that we are all part of the community and all deserve the same chances as everyone else. InclusionThis basically means to include everyone, no matter what age, sex, gender, race, language or religion.Especially in a childrens setting, they should all be given the chance to be included in the group and wee-wee their individual needs met as best they can by the practitioners. For example, you would not single out a child in a wheelchair or a child with a different language, from a crafts employment as once again, this is discrimination. The practitioner should provide stick up and encouragement to each child so no one misses out. 1. 2 DiscriminationBriefly, di scrimination is judging and individual and taking a demeanor their right of equality because of their race, sex, religion, age or ability for example.This can be done either by direct discrimination which is when one person is singled out and treated differently, or by indirect discrimination which involves a finicky group of individuals. Any form of discrimination can have devastating, long term effects whether it is a child or adult, or even a business/place of work. I have listed roughly of the effects of discrimination below- * A business could be fined. * The business would then get a bad reputation and lose money. * The individual would get upset and hurt. It could form a bullying bike where the individual themselves then discriminates against another. * The person will have low self-esteem and confidence. * Self-doubt and feel un worthy. * potential suicide of an individual. * Mental health issues i. e. depression, anxiety. * Loss of income. * Job opportunities lost due t o self-doubt. * Turn to drugs or alcohol. * potentially lose out and miss social opportunities or forming a relationship. * Could miss out on serve such as doctors, dentists and children centres. 1. 3 How inclusive practice promotes equality and supports diversity.As I have mentioned previously in my work, I think it is so important to teach children from a young age, the meaning of equality, diversity and inclusion. This way they will develop a positive attitude toward their peers who to at that time may seem different to them, because to be honest, a young child may not understand why their friend is of a different race, ability or culture. Giving the children and young people in our settings, the support and education necessary should help them develop and understand that we are all different in some way.Inclusive practice vindicatory ensures equality for all the children and young people in our settings, making sure no one is singled out or left behind in terms of progressing or educational needs. If you are in a setting with such a diverse group of children, then encourage them to be curious and take up questions about their peers. Work together to create activities involving different cultures or abilities, that way, everyone will learn and reach a better understanding of everyones needs and backgrounds. They will learn to relate to one another and action a more positive attitude towards each other.As a practitioner, it is also important to know as much as possible about the different backgrounds so talk to the parents and your colleagues so you can support the children more in their individual needs. If I look back at when I was at school, you unclutter how things have progressed. I can say that I was in a school where it was 100% discolour British students. My son starts school next year and I know he will be in a class of students from so many different backgrounds, so it is so important he learn and understand the different races, cultures, re ligions, abilities and realise we are not all the same, but unique.I just think that inclusive practice plays such a vital role in a childs life and development, what they learn and understand now, as a child, will help so much in their adulthood. There are a lot of legislations in regards to inclusion, diversity and equality and it is important for practitioners to be aware(predicate) of these and how they can get help and support in their setting if required. References Bruce, Tina Et al. (2011) Cache Children and Young Peoples Workforce. Hodder Education. London www. dcya. gov. ie/documents/childcare http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Inclusion_(education)

All Summer in a Day Reaction Margot Essay

All Summer in a Day by Ray Bradbury depicts an innocent young lady who is tormented by her fellowship for non macrocosm the same. I like this story immensely, not only for its engaging plot moreover how it directly correlates with society today. It also shows how people are pure pressured into being someone they arent. The first reason I care this story is because of its futuristic setting. The story is set in Venus in a jungle where each(prenominal) it does is precipitate. Once every seven years there is two hours of sun. The concept of having only two hours of fall every seven years is fascinating.It is fascinating because we take the sun for granted, and the people of Venus cherish it and waste for the sun to come out. The sun to them is someaffair unknown, something to look forward to, for people on Earth it is just light. some other inte liberalizationing thing slightly the setting is that it only rains. Where Margot lives there is only rain, but it is not a light d rizzle it is a downpour every day and every night. The rain is a attribute for despair. The rain is what keeps all of the peasants spirits so low.If there were sun everyday on Venus, every kid would be living a happy jubilant life. The second reason I loved this light story is because of the life lesson it taught me. While reading this short story I was memorized how a subaltern lady friend could be locked up in a closet just for being different. Margot was just an innocent little girl who remembered her life on Earth. She also remembers the sun and since she did, the rest of the kids in her course took advantage of her. They locked her in a closet just before the sun came out.This is not only taking the one thing she loved from her but destroying her dreams. All Margot wanted to see was the sun, she wanted to feel its heat, look at its beauty, but her classmates had a different plan. They wanted to make her feel sorry she was tormented for being different than them. some othe r reason they did this was because they were jealous of her. They were jealous she could absorb had a future on Earth, where the sun comes out everyday. The kids knew she had a chance to go back, and out of jealousy they locked her in a closet.From this I learn that jealousy chamberpot take over someones his or her common sense and do something so odious and mean. What this story teaches me about normal life is that I can never get caught up what is deprivation on around me. I cannot focus on what is going on around me I have to focus on how I am affecting other people. This also teaches me that what other people calculate can never distract me. Another major reason I liked this book is because as I read this over for the second time, I started telephoneing about myself.I thought about it anybody had ever influenced me to do something that was not, me. I also thought about if I had ever seen anybody do something blatantly wrong to someone else. I then thought should I have ju st stood there as a bystander and watched this kid get tormented. I stopped reading and decided that I also versed that I need to stand up for what I believe in, and in this case one of her class mates should have stopped this from happening before it happened. The last thing I liked about this short story is how each character was uniquely different than the last.For example, the first character we directly obtain is Margot. Immediately Bradbury states, Margot stood apart from them, from these children who could never remember a time when there wasnt rain and rain and rain. From this we learn that Margot doesnt relate with the rest of the kids because she has something the rests of the kids dont, she has a memory of the sun. This is very interesting because the rest of the kids are jealous of her, and this is one of the many distinctions we have of Margot. Another thing we learn about Margot is she employ to live on Earth.When she was five she moved to Venus, but she strictly r emembers what the sun looks like. She is just an innocent girl who had a distinction that set her apart from the rest of the group. The kids on the other hand can be distinguished as one character. These kids symbolize society today everyone has to be the same. Since Margot stood out from the rest of them, the kids penalise her. The children also get distracted from what they have done so they can go play in the sun, what they dont realize is they are hurting others peoples feelings by being oblivious to the world.This do me think about times I had ever been so oblivious to someone elses feelings just so I could do something of interest. In conclusion, All Summer in A Day is a phenomenal short story with many interesting characters and fun plot changes. Also this short story made me think about daily life and how I always need to stay focused my opinions, not what other people thing. Also I need to care for other peoples feelings and not only my own.

Commonwealth Government's Work Choices Legislation Essay

Commonwealth Governments Work Choices Legislation - Essay patternIt rationalized the existing classification structures so they remain relevant to the modern workplace relations system maculation recognizing the different skill sets of employees. Revitalized dismissal laws whereby the Government will protect all employees from unlawful issue and dismissal on discriminatory grounds such as race, colour, sex, union membership, pregnancy, etc.Any repose moves are bound to inconvenience some self-serving caucus who are the beneficiaries of non-competitive enterprise arrangement. In Australia it include Trade Unions, Business Community and opposition political parties who has the natural accumen to fish in muddled water. In a modern democratic set up such constitutional disputes finally land up in the highest court of law for legitimacy. The Australian High Court decreed this with a bulk verdict in favour of the government.The organized working class consists of a large chunk of the p opulation in any country. They mainly constitute the middle class and are the opinion makers and can exert grasping bring on the polity of a nation. In a democratic country they constitute large vote bank, which a political party can ignore at their own peril. The successful Bolshevik Revolution, the decisive defeat of Communism in Germany with the help of organized labor movement, the progressive metamorphosis of American capitalism into a welfare capitalism, etc. are indelible models where working class became historic tools to usher in lasting impact on the contemporary society. Therefore, we see a deep-rooted linkup between political parties and trade unions all over the world. Theirs is a husband and wife relationship, indispensable to both. With vulgar understanding and cooperation both can survive the travails of life and any impudence on the part of oneness can destroy the prospects of both. In most modern democratic countries we see political parties with the imbibe d philosophy and label of the working class struggle. Instances are many where trade union leaders have risen to positions to shoot the destiny of their nation. It is therefore, inevitable for any ruling setup in a country to succumb to the influence of the organized labor unions. The intense lobbying by trade unions for the passage of The Employee Free Choices Act of America, by the US Law-Makers is a live example of the trade union domination over political parties. Recently, with Democrats gaining majority in the Congress the Bill was passed in the House of Representatives and is struggling to get past the Senate where Democrats do not have majority. It will certainly become a law after the next presidential elections referable to strong labor pressures and lobbying. Background to the Work Choices LegislationThe Liberal and National Coalitions 2004 Election Manifesto1 had committed to the electorate to enter a Flexible Workplace Relations in the economic activities of the cou ntry.A New Workplace

Learning Styles Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Learning Styles Comparison - Essay ExampleTheir optic-spatial skills argon also very steep and they have a good eye for visual appeal and colour. They are also satisfactory to check body language as they pay close attention to everything and everyone around them (Wong, 2014).When canvas, visual learners bid development visual strategies. They like having things that they can see, and memorize as mental images. One will find that the visual learners text books and notes highlighted and notes written on the margins. They also like creating visual tools for studying like maps and chats. They read apace and require quiet reading areas. They also read for pleasure and relaxation and may spend desire periods of time reading (Haggart, 2011).According to Van (2012), people have different learning styles due to their world power to acquire information, process that information and be able to retain it. There are three study learning styles there is the visual, the auditory and the kinesthetic. The auditory learners learn by talking and listening. They speak extremponously and recall sounds they hear. They often forget the faces of people they meet but they rarely forget their names. They lamb working with languages and words and love reading plays and dialogs. When studying, they subvocalize either internally or externally so that they can be able to comprehend. They also like interrupting others when reading so that they can discuss the content or an issue that is disturbing them. They remember new words by sounding them phonetically. They love listening to music especially when studying and they recall what they have read by using mnemonics (Haggart, 2011).The kinesthetic learners require movements and touching objects when learning. In class, they are often off task, talking to their neighbours and walking around the class at every opportunity they get. They like figuring out things by themselves.

Foreign Direct Investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Foreign Direct Investment - sample ExampleIn essence, FDI gives the investor the power to operate a comp both in another country for the recollective term. Developed innkeeper countries be not too welcome to the idea on the premise that they business organisation foreign firms will end up dominating their local firms. In contrast to this, developing countries atomic number 18 more welcome to the idea on the grounds that FDI will bring additional capital, expertise and fresh technology into their country. (Contessi & Weinberger, 2009). Host countries record FDI flows as liabilities along with similar items in their balance of payments. In host countries like these FDI flows make up a large percentage of the total investment in the frugality as comp ared to more developed countries the solvents of FDI on these countries differ as well, with developing countries showing a steady growth trend as compared to developed countries who showed boom and bust cycles as a top of engaging in FDI. (Contessi & Weinberger, 2009). Growth is normally measured by looking at the trends in per capita gross domestic product growth. Analysts relate FDI to per capita to GDP growth by looking at figures of gross FDI inflows and FDI inflows per capita to see if they pay any impact on the frugal growth of a country. Research has revealed a convinced(p) relationship betwixt FDI levels and growth levels in an economy, in some cases these results have been insignificant as well scarcely these variables have never shared a negative relationship. Extraneous variable have a magnitude changing effect on this relationship. It has been seen that, the more developed a country is, the better and greater positive effect FDI will have on its economic growth. (Contessi & Weinberger, 2009). Most studies that have analyzed the impact of FDI on the economic growth of the host country have appoint the results to be pretty elusive. Most established relationships are based specifically on the host countrys own specific economic characteristics. olibanum it is difficult to generalize these effects and apply them to other countries as the findings of a study. However, the probable effects are not completely elusive, as the endogenous growth theory provides framework for the positive linkage betwixt growth and FDI inflows. (Johnson, 2005). A study found that FDI can have a positive effect on growth, given that the host country promotes exports simultaneously. (Balasubramanyam et al, 1996). Another study showed that FDI had a positive impact on growth, but this effect was to be directly proportional to the host countrys level and quality of gay capital. (Borensztein et al, 1998). A further study conducted on 50 developed and developing countries also found FDI to be positively impacting host countrys growth rate. (Olofsdotter, 1998). Research revealed that FDI and growth have a positive relationship, the magnitude of which depends on the specific economic conditions of t he country in question. (Zhang, 2001). Another study based on research on Latin American countries also had similar findings. (Bengoa & Sanchez-Robles, 2003). Some studies on the other hand, found a weak link between FDI and economic growth based on research through on a mix of developed and developing countries. (De Mello, 1999). Other studies, like the one which conducted research on a mix of 72 developing and developed countries found that FDI

Joan of Arc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Joan of Arc - Essay Example(Lowell 28) From this time onward she received regular visitations from the archangel, and from ideal Catherine and Saint Margaret, who told her that her purpose was simply to help France. For several years she did not speak of the visions. It was only when they became to a greater extent specific about what they wanted her to do that she was required to speak in order to establish her mission. From this is it overt that her visions were not simply a method of attention-seeking, as she was in no hurry to reveal their earth until it was absolutely necessary. She lived with the voices for several years without acting upon what they told her, and was reluctant to speak of them at all. (Lowell 30) Perhaps this modesty was sensation way in which her authority became believable.One of the reasons Joan of Arc has drive a legendary figure is that, as a French peasant girl she was able to gain the backing of the French king, and command the notice and obedienc e of an entire army. In 1428 the voices began to give her more specific instructions, and as a result she at last gained an audience with Charles VII of France. (Hodges 2000) At this time, the influence of Charles VII had been steadily weakening, and this perhaps was a major divisor in his decision to trust in her. Even if this is true, it is still impressive that she was able to command such(prenominal) influence over the French army. It is said that the Commanders of the army supported her mostly because she was willing to aggressively struggle the English, unlike the lethargic and distracted Royal Court. (Williamson 2003) Perhaps she was, initially, so firmly supported part by default rather than due to any particular faith in her. Joans main stress was the spiritual life of the army, and she may have been more a source of inspiration than of military tactics. (Williamson 2003) in that respect are a number of cited instances where Joan herself appeared to have acquaintance of events that had not yet occurred, or simply knowledge that she should have had no way of knowing. on that point are so many such stories that they have become part of an enduring legend that strengthens the image of Joan of Arc as divinely inspired. The fact that she was canonized after death only serves to enhance this image. The commencement exercise such stories are about the incidents which enabled her to gain an audience with the Charles VII. She first went to Lord Robert de Baudricot, a garrison commander stati unmatchabled near her village of Domremy, to request an escort to the king. Having previously move her away twice, he fulfilled her third request after she accurately predicted a French stamp out at Rouvray near Orleans. Next, she gained an audience with Charles VII, and he began to take her seriously after she related to him the details of a private prayer he had made several months earlier, in which he had asked God to aid his cause. (Williamson 2003) There are many such incidents in history - Joan of Arc is said to have predicted numerous battles in which she took part, including that outside of Paris where she herself was wounded. (Williamson 2003)In matters of faith it is impossible to determine truth. One either believes, or does not. Because of this, one can say that truth is not the important factor in faith - what is relevant is the belief. In